Identity Construction An Integral Component Of Human...

Identity construction is an integral component of human species. For centuries, artists have expressed their personal identity of self and society through their works. Constructing identity literally involves life experiences, relationships, and connections; a solid mental or emotional stamp on a human. The word identity is defined as the set of personal and behavioral characteristics, the state of mind in which someone recognize their character. This theme is often expressed in books, novels or basically any other piece of literature so that the reader can intrigue themselves and relate to the characters and their emotions. Most influence age for a construction of identity was probably Victorian era. This period in Britain was one of huge industrial and technological change, shocking divisions between rich and poor as well as individualized narratives of great men building fortunes from nothing. Charles Dickens is the most famous Victorian novelist; his Christmas Carol is mostly a disapproval of 19 century Victorian England division between society classes. His novel is full of characters that best exemplified the damage done by absolute fear of the English aristocracy. Though the plot is set during Christmas holiday, its message is one to which every person, everywhere can relate. The determinate pursuit of wealth comes at a great price. The devotion into selfishness, Dickens show, is a slippery hill; the more we admire the ‘golden desire’, the easier it is to forget theShow MoreRelated Portrayal of Machines During the Industrial Revolution Essay2202 Words   |  9 PagesRevolution.   If we are convinced that written historical text is unbiased truth, images provide another doorway through which we access the past. The simplicity of a pencil drawing or the lavish stroke of oil reminds us that the past we see is a construction, an impression, a feeling. Whether the machine was imagined as a toy, or the picture of scientific clarity depended on the artist and the audience for whom the image was created.   Revolutionized by the advent of the steam engine, improvementsRead MoreGlobalisation and Environmental Issues2843 Words   |  11 Pages top managers and research and development activities in their home countries leaving huge areas such as South and Central Asia and the bulk of Africa untouched by globalisation (Guillen 2001). However MNC’s do relocate lower skill, lower wage components to other parts of the world that have less environmental regulations. Convergence debates see the world as a whole benefitting from globalisation however there is more inequality across and within countries. Today more inequality exists comparedRead MoreSexually Transmitted Diseases35655 Words   |  143 Pagesthe recognition and appreciation of the application of scientific principles are of utmost importance. If the resources of our world are to be properly utilized for the enhancement of man’s life, then an understanding of the responsibilities that human beings have to each other and their environment must be developed. Embedded in this portfolio is a wealth of information covering many aspects of science and will therefore play a major part in preparing citizens who can survive in the changing worldRead MoreReflective Account of ....10187 Words   |  41 Pageshospital and clinics. AMO working in the ED are competent in the provision of emergency cares and function as the main front liner care provider that includes provision of emergency treatment, stabilization, definitive care and function as an important component of the Trauma Team (Ministry of Health Malaysia (MOH), 2005). ED function as a core business at government hospitals, it plays a crucial role in the emergency treatment of patients. In addition the department also plays a role in pre hospital careRead MoreDatabase Design and Implementation38677 Words   |  155 Pageshowever, it is helpful to think conceptually of the table structures you will use to store the data, code that you will use to help maintain the integrity of the data (or to enforce business rules), and the user interface as distinct components, distinct components that have their own places in the design and implementation phases of the database life cycle. both building better database systems and for understanding some of the problems that exist in legacy data, especially those entered intoRead MoreThe Land Occupancy Laws And The Impacts Of Traditional Land Use On The Aboriginal Community10176 Words   |  41 Pagesrecording this information are valuable in benefiting not only the inhabitants but also the political and governmental agencies that seek to integrate their group into their planning and management of the lands. Anthropology can be defined as the study of humans in the present and the past, and to comprehend the full complexity and sweep of cultures throughout the history of humankind. The role of the anthropologists are to draw and build on their knowledge gathered from biological and social sciences, inRead MoreTraveler Import Car, Incorporated Case Study7098 Words   |  29 Pagesproductivity. The following theories mentioned below can be used in order to improve and motivate the employees in Traveller Import Cars. Understanding the Needs of Employees – Appendix Table 6 The Theory helps an organisation to understand human behaviour, understand individual needs and to then select appropriate motivational strategies for individual employees. Different things motivate different individuals depending on the level of Hierarchy they belong to as shown in Figure 3. Using thisRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 PagesCentury †¢ Jose C. Moya and Adam McKeown 9 †¢ 2 Twentieth-Century Urbanization: In Search of an Urban Paradigm for an Urban World †¢ Howard Spodek 53 3 Women in the Twentieth-Century World Bonnie G. Smith 83 4 The Gendering of Human Rights in the International Systems of Law in the Twentieth Century †¢ Jean H. Quataert 116 5 The Impact of the Two World Wars in a Century of Violence †¢ John H. Morrow Jr. 161 6 Locating the United States in Twentieth-Century World History Read MoreCorporate Social Responsibility10163 Words   |  41 Pagesfundamentally based upon performance and profit, it is not unusual to find that it is necessary to impart a sense of corporate social responsibility with regard to contemporary commerce. The ethical approaches of purpose, principle and consequence are integral components of business social performance; itemizing these contributions finds one incorporating the interests of ethics and morality within the corporate structure, essential concepts that are often absent from a managerial standpoint. Chapters two andRead MoreSustainable Solutions Paper wk 7 draft16370 Words   |  66 Pagesto delay new equipment purchases until their businesses have evidence of such a recovery and their leaders feel more secure in making such an investment. With continuing problems in multiple economic and jobs sectors, including housing, retail, construction, manufacturing, transportation, warehousing and information (according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, March 2010), the economy looks to be an external force which directly and indirectly affects Dell and the decisions of the firm’s leaders

The effects of Performance on Audience Free Essays

Music soothes and relaxes the mind of audiences. It is one way of showcasing talent and at the same time give entertainment. An exquisite performance can eventually bring audiences to a moment of joy or sorrow. We will write a custom essay sample on The effects of Performance on Audience or any similar topic only for you Order Now It depends upon the performer’s capability and musical knowledge. One can easily transform a beautiful mood into something bad when the performance is atrocious. On the other hand a pleasant performance can negate the sadness and anger of an audience. A good performance is not only the ability to convey the music’s notated structure but also the emotional metadata of the piece. Overall performance is assessed by how the audience goes out of the performance hall. If they go out wearing a smile, it means that the performance was a success. On the contrary, crumpled faces of the audiences will mean failure of the performance. It is vital for performers to know who their target audiences are. This way the chances of having negative outcome will be prevented. The performance will also determine if the quality of music and the message that the performer wanted to imply is grasp wholeheartedly by the audience. The goal of every performance is to catch the audience attention and at the same time absorb the theme or message as a whole. Although there are performance for a cause, the main point of having a performance is to keep the crowd alive and in union with the performer. A boring performance will eventually lead to audience walk out. It is also important for the performance to be adaptive to the audience. This way the listener’s musical interest is kept intact. The effects of performing on audience also boost the confidence and moral of the performer. A performer who stands in front of a crowd lively and intelligently assures that the flow of the performance is best. More audiences may trigger the performer’s nervousness and stage fright but this is the usual feeling of performers. After having performed many times, the performer will get use with the feeling and sees himself/herself not afraid anymore. Performing on audience also helps in looking for positive and negative traits of the performer. It will be based on the feed backs after the show which is given by jurors if it is a competition or by critics if it is just a program, concert r performance. Over all the effect of performing on audience is to know what makes the performer stand out and what needs to be improved. A performer’s attitude is also seen when performing before audiences. This is on how he/she relates with the kind of crowd. There are instances that the performance is held on a strange place and it is for the performer to adjust to the environment and continue the show without getting distracted and keeping his/her focus. Regardless of who your audiences are, you are compelled to perform with the best of your abilities. Performers often finds themselves having goose bumps and cold feelings upon seeing audiences but then it will also make them more motivated to perform. Performing also inhibits positivism on the performance and the perception of musical expression by the performer. How to cite The effects of Performance on Audience, Papers

Donnes The Indifference Essay Example For Students

Donnes The Indifference Essay John Donnes The Indifference is a love poem that can be interpreted in a number of ways. Not only is the meaning of the text debatable, but the audience for which the poem was intended can be argued as well. The language Donne uses leaves room for the readers imagination and intellect to take over and decide to whom he is talking and why. The author is writing to a specific audience for a specific reason, trying to convey his point through his verse. While not all people agree as to whom this poem is intended for or whom the speaker is actually talking to, I have a good understanding as to what Donne is trying to accomplish by writing The Indifference and whom the voice of the piece is actually talking to. The interpretation that I found to be most convincing is that he is speaking to a woman, who is by herself, and he is letting her know what kind of qualities (or lack there of) he is looking for. He is giving a disclaimer to her on the type of person he is and how he views relation ships so she knows what shes getting herself into. The first stanza starts off with the speaker listing opposite character types. All of the types listed refer to different types of women, Her whom the county formed, and whom the town and Her who still weeps with spongy eyes, / And her who is dry cork, and never cries (ll. 4-7). The speaker is not referring to one type of woman in particular, but to all women in general. He is telling the woman that he is addressing know just how many different types of woman he can or will potentially be interested in. Another interesting aspect of the first stanza is Donnes wording at the beginning of each line. He starts each with either I can love or Her who. This is his passive way of informing the reader as to what type of woman he can and wants to love: any woman who is alive and willing to take a chance on him. It is not until the final two lines of the stanza that he actually puts any requirements as to what kind of a woman he specifically wants, I can love her, and her, and you and you, / I can love any, so she be not true (ll. 8-9). This is where we see that the speaker has no intention of being monogamous, he is promiscuous and wants his women to be also. This attitude reflects the age and mindset that Donne was in when he wrote this poem (more on this later). In the first stanza, it is hard to tell who the actual audience is. I get a picture of a man standing in front of a crowd or on a podium telling all who will listen just what kind of woman he is looking for. The audience could be a group of men who he is trying to impress by telling them that he could have any of the number of different women. It could also be that he is speaking to a crowd of women who he is hoping will be swayed into going home with him. Or he could be speaking to two women, possibly two former lovers who have found out that he has been untrue to them both. He may be trying to talk his way out of the situation in hopes that the two women will see his point of view. This is shown in the first line, I can love both fair and brown and also in the description of the different kinds of women he speaks about in lines two through seven. He could be describing the qualities that he likes in each of them, hoping that they will see that he is not being promiscuous with them out of vein, but because he likes some variety in his love life. This is where the reader needs to decide for himself whom the speaker is addressing. In the second stanza, we see the speakers persuasiveness as he tries to tempt the woman into being promiscuous like he is. He desires a solely sexual relationship and believes that such a relationship cannot exist if they are faithful to one another. Its not that he wants to be untruthful to her; he has no problem telling her outright that he wants to be free and do as he pleases, but what he does not want is to be monogamous. We see this in the final two lines of the stanza, Must I, who came to travail thorough you, / Grow your fixed subject, because you are true? (ll. 17-18) This shows that the speaker is terrified of being with one woman only. He presents her with numerous questions to see just how serious she is about him being faithful. Meteor EssayAnother interesting aspect of his fear in becoming committed to one woman is in the second stanza. His use of the word vice shows just how disgusted he is with the idea of being faithful. He sees faithfulness as a vice, something that will eventually hold him down and keep him from being the free spirited person he wants to be. In the final line of the stanza, we see his use of sarcasm in the way he asks the woman if he must be faithful to her just because she is faithful to him. In the third and final stanza, the speaker reflects back on the first two and refers to them as a song that he has been singing to the Roman Goddess of love, Venus, Venus heard me sigh this song (L. 19). This plea to a higher power shows his beliefs in love and the ultimate goal for the kind of love he desires. He gets easily bored with monogyny, therefore he desires variety: And by loves sweetest part, variety, she swore (L. 20). The desire to have a variety of lovers is more powerful than his desire to have companionship. This further shows his sexual desire because the variety he is looking for is not one of intellect, but rather of lust and his need to fulfill it. In the final two lines of the poem Venus speaks out and says just how disgusted she is with the idea of monogyny. She tells the woman whom the speaker has been addressing that since she is intent on being true, she will be true to everyone, even the people who are not true to her. She is saying that she knows no matter what he does, she will stay true to him. Venus is suggesting that she should be more like him, open and free loving. This Venus does not like monogyny and believes that those who do are missing out on the true meaning of love: to love everyone who is willing to love you back. By the woman staying true to the speaker, she is robbing herself of her own freedom of love. This poem presents a speaker that holds values and morals that are opposite of the ones that are held by most members of society. His attitude toward commitment and faithfulness are of low moral and ethical standards. I think that Donne wrote this poem in his youthful, carefree days. It is apparent that he had no need for a companion and all he wanted was lust and sex. I found this to be rather interesting because of Donnes Christian background. I would have thought that he would have written about something more pure than infidelity and promiscuity. By this interpretation I can see how Donne was coined the nick name The Wicked John Donne because of his obscure views on relationships and women in general. It just goes to show that even in the seventeenth century not all men were full of pure and moral thoughts. English Essays

Water is the basis of life Essay Example

Water is the basis of life Essay Water is the basis of life, without it life would not have started and would not exist. There are so many reasons for which water is of paramount importance in biology. Water is vital for many processes that are essential for life; it acts as a solvent and as a medium for living organisms.Water is essential for all organisms because it acts as a solvent and medium in diffusion, a reagent for hydrolysis. It is a support for aquatic organisms; life was first created in the sea so this is very important.Importance in all organismsWater is important in temperature regulation in most organisms. It has a high specific heat capacity so it requires a lot of energy to increase its temperature and it retains heat relatively well. This is so that the body temperature does not vary that much; this also means that the temperature of water that aquatic organisms live in will stay at a suitable level. Water can cool by evaporation as it speeds up energy loss as heat, for example by sweating in anim als and cooling transpiring leaves in plants. The high latent heat of vaporisation of water means that the body can be cooled with minimal loss of water.Water acts a transport medium for polar solutes; it is used in movement of minerals to lakes and seas, removal of metabolic wastes such as urea and transport via blood and lymph.Water volatility is suited to the Earths temperatures so that the water cycle of evaporation, transpiration and precipitation is maintained.Water is a medium for dispersal; it can be used to disperse the larval stages of some terrestrial organisms. It is the medium in which sperm are transferred in mosses and ferns. Osmotic pressure helps disperse the seeds of the squirting cucumber.Water expands on freezing, this make ice less dense than water so it floats on top of ponds and lakes, providing insulation to organisms in the water belowImportance in plantsWater is essential in osmosis, as it requires the movement of water from a region of lower concentration to a region of lower concentration of water molecules. The weak hydrogen bonds mean that the water molecules can move relatively easily. One of the reasons that this is important is for water to enter cells by osmosis causing the cytoplasm and that it is needed for turgidity of cells to support the plant. The cohesive forces between water molecules mean that it is not easily compressed so it is a great medium for support.Water is required (it is the reagent) in the photosynthesis reaction, which is also essential as it is the way it produced energy needed to live.Hydroskeletons are a type of skeleton found in many soft-bodied invertebrates, which consists of water-filled body cavities controlled by muscles. Hydroskeletons are found in echinoderms (starfish, sea urchins), annelids (earthworms), nematodes, and a number of other wormlike invertebrate phyla.Water is transparent so make photosynthesis possible in shallow aquatic environments.Without water there would be no plants and the refore no animals either as animalsImportance in animalsWater is a major component of tissues and is an important part of the diet. Most substances in the body dissolve in water. Blood, which is used for transport of substances around the body, is made up of mostly water, which shows how important it is to animals.Water is the medium in which metabolic reactions take place; molecules in solution can move around water and take part in reactions in the presence of enzymes. All chemical reactions take place in an aqueous medium.Water is essential in diffusion across surfaces such as the lungs and alimentary canal.Water is also needed in animals for osmoregulation: the control of the levels of water and mineral salts in the blood.Water is used hydrolyse macromolecules to their subunits, for example in digestion, such as breaking down proteins into amino acids, fast into fatty acids and glycerol, etc.Tears contain water, which is protection against bacteria by killing it and as does mucu s by trapping it.Water can help in lubrication in:- Mucus: lubricates passage of food, colon easy passage for faeces, penis and vagina during intercourse, used externally in some animals such as snails and earthworms to aid movement- Synovial fluid: lubricates vertebrate joints- Pleural fluid: minimizes friction between lungs and ribs during breathing- Perivisceral fluid: lubricates movement of internal organs, e.g. in peristalsis- Pericardial fluid: lubricates movement in heartWater is in amniotic fluid, which protects and supports the fetus of mammals.Water is important in secretions, most secretions include substances in aqueous solutions such as tears, digestive juices and snake venoms.The humours of the eye, both aqueous and vitreous are made up of mostly water; it helps maintain the shape of the eye because it is not easily compressed which makes it useful in supporting.

5 Tips for Writing a Winning Resume - Proofread My Paper

5 Tips for Writing a Winning Resume - Proofread My Paper 5 Tips for Writing a Winning Resume Recruiters may take as little as six seconds to make a decision about a resume. With the job market increasingly competitive, ensuring your resume is well written and correctly formatted is, therefore, essential. But how do you do this? There’s no catch-all method for writing a winning resume. But there are some things to keep in mind†¦ 1. Content The exact content of your resume will depend on your background, experience, and the role you’re applying for. But should always include: Contact Information – Your name, address, email and phone number Job Objective – A brief statement about the kind of role you’re after and the skills you can bring to it Education – Relevant information about college courses and training Work Experience – Details of previous positions you’ve held Skills – Any abilities you have that are related to the job Activities and Achievements – Anything else that could enhance your application (e.g., college societies, volunteering, awards, etc.) 2. Tailor Your Resume to the Job Most roles require particular skills, so you should always tailor your resume to the position. As well as using the job description, try checking the companys website; they may have additional information relevant to your application. It’s fine if you have a basic â€Å"template† with all the important information on it, but make sure you adjust it accordingly before sending it to employers. The mistake this guy made was writing in Latin. [Photo: Flazingo Photos] 3. Two Pages Maximum! Recruiters sometimes have to read dozens of resumes in a day, so they won’t be impressed if yours is a novel-length treatise on your skills as a worker. Try keeping your resume down to a maximum of two pages. If this involves cutting information not directly relevant to your application, do it. Additional detail can be provided in a cover letter. It may be worth noting that, although resume and CV are often used interchangeably, a CV is usually a longer document that includes complete details of your professional experience. 4. Pay Attention to Formatting Since a good resume will be easy to read and visually impactful, it’s worth considering the formatting you use on yours. Minimally, you should use a consistent style throughout, making sure that text isn’t too small to read and that you provide clear headings indicating important details. You may also want to use bullet points to list responsibilities and achievements. Like so. [Image: Dawakhuu/Wikimedia] 5. References Unless a company specifically asks for references (i.e., people who can vouch for your skills as a worker) during the initial application, it’s usually enough to write â€Å"References available upon request† on your resume. And don’t forget: It’s polite to let your referees know if a prospective employer might be calling!

The best states for job hunting in 2019

The best states for job hunting in 2019 It’s a whole new year, and for many people, that means it’s time to make a fresh start. That may entail settling in a new state, finding a new job, or maybe even both. If you are considering a radical life change in 2019, it might be useful to look into which states have the most thriving job markets- doing so may help you map out a game plan for the new year states with a thriving job market. ColoradoDespite labor shortages, Colorado is still adding jobs like there’s no tomorrow. Over 2018, some 73,000 new positions opened in the Centennial State. New employees tend to be flooding in from outside of Colorado’s borders, proving that it is an attractive spot to resettle and guaranteeing that it has become a hub of new construction. Those jobs are in a wide selection of areas, from the service industry to high-tech.WashingtonAs living costs in California’s Silicon Valley balloon, many techies are fleeing to Washington State. The Puget Sound tech commu nity there is really benefitting from all those new recruits. Washington is home to such heavy hitters as Amazon, Microsoft, and Facebook. For those looking for less-intimidating employers, there are also many attractive startups popping up in Washington, and the 96,000 new jobs that needed filling in 2018 have also stimulated substantial growth in the state’s construction industry. However, the biggest growth of all has been in retail.TexasAs oil prices spring back, Texas is feeling serious growth these days. The state began 2018 with the country’s most speedily expanding economy, and no state can compete in terms of the number of new jobs created over the year- we’re talking about 352,000 jobs here! For those who are looking for work outside of mining, there is also plentiful work in construction and health care.NevadaAs new construction soars in Las Vegas and 37,000 new jobs have emerged over the past year, Nevada is looking like a good gamble in 2019. The st ate is emerging as a major provider of something the world desperately needs these days: clean energy. Near Reno, Tesla recently constructed a multi-billion dollar factory and is looking to fill it with 10,000 new employees. Other companies such as Panasonic and Switch have also set their sites on Nevada, while housing markets are getting stronger and stronger.UtahAs industries ranging from tech to tourism to construction boom in Utah, there are many slots waiting to be filled. Over the past year, the state added approximately 50,000 jobs. The nucleus of that expansion is Wasatch Front, which is like Utah’s very own Silicon Valley. Adobe and Snap are snapping up new employees, and many of them are eager to move into the million dollar homes rapidly springing up in the area. And looking toward the . future, $1 billion dollars of road construction is also planned for the Beehive State.IdahoWith an unemployment rate currently around 2.7%, Idaho is second only to Hawaii for the l owest percentage of unemployed citizens in the United States. Unlike Hawaii, Idaho boasts the highest rate of job growth in the country, making it an ideal place to relocate for job seekers looking for stability. In fact, the state’s whole economy is swelling with a fresh influx of new blood from big cities looking to lower their living costs.Federal employment is at a high in Idaho, with new jobs opening at the Federal Bureau of Investigation, the U.S. Forest Service, and the Bureau of Labor Management. Semiconductor-developer Micron Technology in Boise and the non-profit St. Luke’s Health System are also big employers in Idaho. All of the state’s new residential and industrial construction and new job growth are practically wiping away memories of the 2007-2009 recession and ensuring that 2019 will continue a strong time in the Gem State.

Results, Figures, & Discussion Rubric Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Results, Figures, & Discussion Rubric - Essay Example The experiment was able to justify the hypothesis that sought to establish the brand of towel that is the better water absorber. In this regard, the results were able to deduce that the paper towels absorbed water at different rates. Qualitative results were done through observation of the paper towels over a period of time once they were dipped in water. In this regard, the most absorbent paper towel became more visible and easier to see through it. Furthermore, the paper towels were subjected to the sense of touch by gently feeling touching the towels with the fingers and assessing the level of sponginess and mushiness of each. On the other hand, qualitative results was collected through individual weight measures of the paper towels before soaking them in water and after soaking them in water. The actual amount of water absorbed by the paper towels was achieved through subtracting the weight of the soaked paper towels from the weight of the paper towel before absorption. Repetitio n of the experiment six times assisted in the reduction of data errors. The average amount of water absorbed for the premium paper towels was 20mL. The average amount of water absorbed for the recycled premium paper towels was 15mL. The reason for the difference absorption rates can better be explained by the variance in the production quality of each paper towel. In this regard, the recycled premium paper towels are of a lower quality compared to the premium paper towels. In conclusion, the experiment has justified the hypothesis by showing that paper towels have different capacity to absorb

Personal Statement Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 30

Personal Statement Example The character of a person who thinks critically is strengthened with intelligence. As a student, I have encountered situations that demanded critical thinking and through my intelligence and character, I managed to overcome the situation. When making the choices, both character and intelligence were my guide. A situation that warranted me to apply critical thinking skills was when I was choosing the course to study at the University. When I was in high school, I had not made a decision on what I would study at the University. However, with time, I came to think critically and settle on what I wanted to study. In making this decision, one of the guiding factors was my interest in the course. After evaluating my character, I came to realize that I was best suited in this course because it fell under the areas I have always been interested in since my childhood. I knew that I would enjoy the course contents and become a good student in my class. There were many good options to choose from, but I had to make an informed decision to pursue this course. I though critically of what was offered in the other courses, and after a careful and thorough evaluation, I came to realize that I would prosper upon undertaking this course. The course that one chooses to pursue has a significant impact on the academic performance. Therefore, it is always vital to choose a course which one knows that they will excel in without many difficulties. Before I choose my course, I evaluated the subjects being offered and made sure that I had the capacity to handle the course contents (Brookfield 35). Another critical thought that was in my mind when choosing the course was the facilities offered by the University. I knew that, in order to be competitive in the job market, I had to study in an institution that had adequate facilities. Although there are many local colleges I could have

Employment in America Essay Example for Free

Employment in America Essay The United States is amongst the global states which are embracing low rates of unemployment. Except for the Latin America which is fiercely allied to high informal employment the rest of the American continent is having a low unemployment rate which goes as low as 3% compared to 55-60% for most Asian and African countries. Broadly, the effects of law rate of unemployment in the US can be allied to the interaction phenomena in both the macroeconomic and microeconomic structures which have acted to influence the broad array of the economic growth. The state of the economy is stable with few challenges into the inhibitors of poor states of economy. Over decade of years, US have enjoyed the superiority context into a stable state of the economy with elsewhere high purchasing power of the American dollar. Across the global imagery, it has enjoyed various economic benefits and economic integrations of its stable state of economy and strong purchasing power of its currency. High state of economic activity have been the launching pad and the benchmark into high capital inflows from other states through foreign investment in America and the economies allied to favorable balance of payments enjoyed by the America. From the favorability in the economic structures, America has continued to embrace the economic structures of a macroeconomic capacity which provide instruments for high rates of employment. For states within the Latin American region, the high rate of informal employment is much functional and beneficiary with even better wages than most formal employments in the developing countries. Broadly, the high rate of employment/low rate of unemployment in American can summarily be explained by the operation interlinkage between various macroeconomic and microeconomic structures. However, the great deal behind this situation can be credited to the macroeconomic variables which are captured in the broad economic equation. Elsewhere, the fiscal and monitory variables in the functional outlay of the American system provides an adequate pursuit for moral sense of high rates of employment. (Riggs, 2004) At one level, microeconomic variables lobby in to define the factors at an individual level which influence and determine the state of employment. This is mostly credited to the reciprocating factors in the relationship between household income and the levels of consumption and savings. Generally, the economic model of personal income is described as a function of consumption and saving. The relative changes to one another gives the respective marginal propensities (to consume and save). The two are reciprocals of one another where a decrease in one will increase the other. However, within America, the individual population has high marginal propensity to save due to the high income obtained from the formal employment and informal cases. With high saving ratios, the population is able to finance investment cost for new investment structure. The general investment portfolio within the US is highly favorable and highly growing to shoulder in the relatively high employment requirements. High investment structures provide an adequate room with which the broader human population is able to be absorbed within the employment structures. (Riggs, 2004) Macroeconomic influences provide a great refuge for creating employment opportunities. Such macroeconomic tools can be defined in terms of the economic environment to yield adequate economic conditions for a high rate of employment. Generally, the fiscal economic variable does a lot to provide adequate environment for ensuring high state of economic activity. Generally, the federal government has done a lot about its spending to the public. High government spending has been a benchmark in the foundations of high states of economic activity which does not compromise high employment rates. Government spending has been of a diverse nature in which it has provided various insurance allowances to the unemployed above other social structures allied to the public population. Government spending has helped to increase the broad income supply within the public. High expenditure has been an instrument in to the provision of capital for investment by the people. Elsewhere, the federal government has been in the forefront in instituting various structures aimed at providing adequate environment in its investment in government investment. Fiscal policy has also been promoted by various adequate systems in its taxing structure. Consequently, the taxing system has provided a comprehensive package of desirable rate of taxes which are less prone driving out investors from the economy due to losses through government taxation. Through adequate levels of taxes which include tax exemption and rebates for various persons within the economy, the people and investment bodies have embraced the value consequence allied to such law rates of taxes. (Riggs, 2004) Within the America, the monitory policy does a lot in providing an adequate environment for high rates of employment and the reduction of various unemployment inequalities borne of the people. The strong sense of the monitory policy provides a structure with which capital inflow is available. Indeed, America is amongst the global states in which case capital inflow is subordinately of high scale and encompassing no monitory rigidities. Broadly, the American monitory policy can be described in terms of the state of money supply and the demand for American dollar. However, the two sides (both the demand and the supply conditions) show a concrete rigidity in their equilibrium level. The state of money supply is equal to the relative demand which helps to provide an attractive state of equilibrium. With equilibrium in the money market, the American dollar has embraced a high state of purchasing power. Economically, such high purchasing power has been the backbone of facilitating high capital inflows within the states. High purchasing power has provided economic advantage in the international symmetry of economic integrations. Through favorable conditions of economic integrations, America has embraced high capital inflows from its trading partners. (Riggs, 2004) Alternatively a positive challenge into the monitoring system has been a solid factor for the influence of a positive balance of payment. Economically, desirable conditions and states of the monetary marketing are discretionally importance factors in determining the state of employment. Every high employment is an in depended variable of the state of monitory policies. Conceptually, stable monetary economy defines the stability in the economic integration and the parameters of balance of payments. A stable economy is discretionary important for providing structures aimed at improving the state of employment. For every essence of capital inflow within America, this has been a foundation aimed at improving the export level and decreasing the state of foreign imports. Every aspect of high exports than imports helps to improve the state of employment. To America, the low rates of unemployment are counter factors determined by the existing state of high export than imports. Stability in the economic state and the purchasing power of the currency has helped to improve the state of capital inflow within America High capital investment from the foreign world which has helped to improve the existing state of employment states. Summarily, the low state of unemployment in America can be allied to the prevailing economic structures existing within the American economy. The same has favored the stable state of investment which has on the other hand helped to increase the rate of employment within the state.

The Context and Contents of Priscianus of Lydias Solutionum ad Chosroem :: Philosophy Philosophical Essays

The Context and Contents of Priscianus of Lydia's Solutionum ad Chosroem ABSTRACT: Priscianus of Lydia’s Solutionum ad Chosroem is a series of answers to questions asked at a philosophical debate held at the Sasanian court c. 530 CE. Priscianus of Lydia was one of seven non-Christian philosophers from the Byzantine Empire who journeyed to the Sasanian Empire to take part in the debate. Long overlooked in the history of philosophy, Priscianus of Lydia’s text represents a branch of Neoplatonism that survived for centuries uninfluenced by the official Christianization of the Roman Empire. Priscianus of Lydia was one of the last remaining representatives of non-Christian Neoplatonism in Late Antiquity. Solutionum ad Chosroem provides a record of the world of Neoplatonism shortly before it disappeared under a tide of officially Christian philosophy and theology. I discusses the context of Priscianus’ work and its relation to activities in the Byzantine Empire, such as Emperor Justinian’s suppression of paganism and the closing of th e Academy in Athens in 529 CE. I also discuss the specific contents of the Solutionum ad Chosroem, including questions on first principles, generation, natural history, and the relationship between the soul and the body. The Neoplatonic philosopher Priscianus of Lydia would have had an unremarkable career had he not been mentioned by the early Byzantine historian Agathias as one of seven Hellenic (non-Christian) philosophers who journeyed to the Sasanian court at Seleucia-Ctesiphon early in the reign of the Byzantine emperor Justinian (527-565).(1) These philosophers felt compelled to leave the Byzantine Empire because "they did not share the view of God prevailing among the Romans and thought that the Persian state was far better."(2) Although the Hellenic philosophers decided to return to Byzantine territory after a relatively brief sojourn at the Sasanian court, the philosophers did participate in at least one debate on philosophical questions attended by the shah himself and some higher ranking members of the Zoroastrian clergy. Priscianus of Lydia's contribution to this debate, Solutionum ad Chosroem, has survived in an edition edited by Ingram Bywater in 1886 and now difficult of access.(3) Bef ore considering the specific contents of Priscianus' surviving work, an examination of the historical context in which the work was written is necessary. The Context of Priscianus of Lydia's Solutionum ad Chosroem Agathias states that Priscianus and the other Hellenic philosophers travelled to the Sasanian Empire partly for religious reasons. Being pagans in an increasingly officially Christian empire had rendered their teaching positions more and more vulnerable.

Lifetime of Color Essay

In the 1900s, the world was suddenly enveloped by vagueness and uncertainty on what the future will bring. Prior to this period, the ambience was definite and secure. In relation to the art world, many artists were trying to outgrow the traditional styles that flourished all over the world. They wanted to create something different based from the conventional aesthetics popularized by the Renaissance. These artisans were considered as the founders of Modernism because they were trying to search for ways on how to display their new found outlook to ambiguity. This scenario laid the grounds for the founding of Cubism. This avant-garde art style movement began when a French painter called Paul Cezanne began to change his Impressionist style. Cezanne shifted from painting landscapes with pastel colors and soft brushstrokes to concentrating on portraying his own interpretation of the â€Å"shapes and forms† and he stayed away from rendering a realistic pictorial output. More so, he put more importance on the painting as a whole rather than focusing on the subject or the theme. Then, another artist came into the picture named Henri Matisse who also paved the way for the development of Cubism. Together with Louis Vauxcelles, an art critic and French journalist who â€Å"coined the term ‘les fauves’ (the wild animals) for the artists of Fauvism,† Matisse discovered an unusual painting by George Braque at the â€Å"Salon d’ Automne. † He said that the artwork incorporated â€Å"little cubes. † Braque’s painting showcased the landscape of the South of France with a surprising twist of including â€Å"two ascending lines meeting at the top and between several cubes. † This work of art provided artists who were looking for change with a new direction. Braque was the very first artist to create a cubist painting. Since then, despite the negative criticisms, cubism became an established style and art movement. The term â€Å"cubism† was developed by Vauxcelles when he was writing a report about the â€Å"Salon des Independants in 1909. † Through the ingenuity and innovation of Pablo Picasso and Georges Braque, cubism has gained a big following in France and rest of the world. According to Picasso, Cubism has tangible goals. We see it only as a means of expressing what we perceive with the eye and the spirit, while utilizing the possibilities that lie within the natural properties of drawing and color, That became a source of unexpected joy for us, a front to discoveries. (Gantefuhrer-Trier, Gantefuhrer and Grosenick 2004, 6) It is evident that Cubism is the brainchild of Picasso and Braque. They were responsible for the proliferation of a modern, radical and powerful art style that significantly influenced the 20th century. The main focus of this style and movement is the â€Å"complete denial of Classical conception of beauty. † The untrained eye evaluated the by-products of the cubists as perplexing but for the avant-garde, they perceived cubism as the way to the future. In cubism, many traditional elements such as proportions, lines, perspective and forms are distorted. As a result, the visual representation looked like â€Å"a field of broken glass. † Because of this, cubism became known for its â€Å"geometrically analytical approach to form and color, and shattering of object in focus into geometrical sharp-edged angular pieces. † To form these unusual shapes, a systematic deconstruction was employed to create an illusion of three- dimensionality. Many cubists doubted the integrity of â€Å"whole† images because for them these were the synthetic and conventional outputs of the past artisans. They believed that â€Å"perspective space is an illusory, rational invention, or a sign system inherited from works of art since the Renaissance. Moreover, cubism has two major branches namely: Analytical cubism and Synthetic cubism. The former is defined as the intellectual distortion of a subject matter producing hard to interpret and ambiguous materials. Meanwhile, the latter is more â€Å"experimental nature of a collage† and highly decorative. It is easier to comprehend than analytic cubism because the images and forms are not that distorted and abstract. Since its inception, Cubism became a worldwide phenomenon in the field of art. It continues to challenge artists even in the contemporary period to advance the art style and the movement to better reflect culture and society. Pioneers of Cubism The growth of cubism in the 20th century is accredited to Pablo Picasso and George Braque. Both worked hand in hand in exploring and at the same time experimenting with a technique aimed at flattening space. They utilized bold colors, raw shapes and flattened space to display their non-conformist approach towards art. It was the focus on conveying emotions rather than the â€Å"intellectual experiment with structure† that set cubism from other avant-garde movements such as Fauvism. Pablo Picasso Pablo Picasso was a native of Spain. At an early age, he was already producing remarkable works of art. In the early 1900s, Picasso moved to Paris where he developed an artistic phase called the Blue period. This was the time when he used various â€Å"shades of blue† in portraying the darker side of particular place. By the time he met Fernande Oliver, Picasso’s gloomy works transformed into bright shades of red that became known as his Rose period. The circus theme seemed to be the favorite subject of Picasso during this period. By 1906, he went to Spain that marked another modification in his art style. During his stay there, he was greatly influenced by â€Å"African, Green and Iberian art. † He incorporated geometrical forms that made his paintings very forward-looking. Then, Picasso met another intriguing artist named George Braque. In 1908 to 1911, they developed a unique style of painting landscape wherein they included cube shapes or forms in the picture. This became known as analytic cubism. This style was formed by â€Å"by breaking down and analyzing a object† and utilizing a monochromatic earthy brown color scheme. By 1912, Picasso started to use other elements in his artworks that resulted to the creation of collages which is also known as synthetic cubism. This style is more for decorative purposes. In the late 1920s, Picasso moved to Rome, Italy where he got married. In this period, he painted â€Å"neoclassical pictures of women and pictures inspired by Greek mythology. † By the time WWI broke out, Picasso created Guernica, to demonstrate his opposition over the bombing of â€Å"Basque town of Guernica on April 26, 1937 during the Spanish Civil War. † The painting was filled with symbolisms that represented the wickedness attached with the bombing. By the time of the end of WWII until Picasso’s death in 1973, his paintings veered towards more somber theme dealing about death. Some of Picasso’s famous artworks include Woman with a Crow (1903), Les Demoiselles d’Avignon (1907), Geometric Composition: The Guitar (1913) and many others. George Braque On the other hand, George Braque also lived a full life personally and professionally in the realm of art. He studied painting at the â€Å"local art school in Le Havre,† France. This was followed by a more formal training at the â€Å"Academie Humbert and at the Ecole des Beaux-Arts in the studio of Leon Bonnat. † Braque started out with impressionism wherein he was influenced by Matisse and Derain. By 1906, he got immersed with Fauvism and started to use light and bright colors combined with undulating patterns. But he stood out from the rest of the fauvists when he employed â€Å"architectonic solidity of composition and an emphasis on strongly defined volumes rather than color and brushwork. † The year 1907 became a crucial time for Braque and cubism. This was the time when Braque was once again inspired by Paul Cezanne and this was also the time when he met Pablo Picasso. Because of them, Braque’s outputs developed into something more radical. After only three years, the tandem of Braque and Picasso produce a new form art style called the analytic cubism which is described as the â€Å"nonillusionistic and nonimitative method of depicting the visual world. † The partnership of these two artists was mutual and their connection was so strong that their artworks cannot be distinguished from one another. The Violin and Pitcher (1910) is a very suitable example of an analytic cubism by Braque. Most of his paintings during this period were fragmented resulting to a â€Å"compact pictorial structure. † In 1914, Braque ventured into another phase of cubism which was called synthetic cubism wherein the artistic treatment included the use of â€Å"brightly dotted decorative passages. † Then, he moved to Normandy, France in the 1930s which have influenced Braque to shift his themes to seascapes. His painting style employed the use of â€Å"ornamentation and patterned surfaces. † From the 1930s to the 1950s, Braque grew interests on birds, melancholic themes, brilliant fauvist colors that were all seen in his â€Å"sculptures, graphics, book illustration, and decorative art. † Famous Cubist Artworks In the early 20th century, a new wave of artists have emerged that embraced a new progressive art style that had made a significant influence in the art world and the rest of the society and this was Cubism. This innovative movement aided in the development of contemporary art. More so, cubism led to the activation of many artists’ creative geniuses and induction of their bravery to go against the flow. Because of this, numerous masterpieces have emerged that embodied the unique principles and avant-garde style of cubism. Les Demoiselles d’Avignon by Pablo Picasso (1907) This painting showed Picasso’s portrayal of sexuality and his defiance over the traditional rules on visual elements and principles of design. The images integrated illustrated five naked female â€Å"prostitutes in a brothel. † In terms of form, human bodies were deformed with distorted body proportions. Also, out of the five figures, three were wearing ancient African masks that made the painting more interesting. More so, the â€Å"bold, brash diagonal lines and angular planes added a sense of violence to the composition. † The colors used were a mix of bold hues of reds and blues that were combined with the subtle pink and flesh tones. Through this, each figure was able to stand out from one another. Another intriguing factor of the painting is the â€Å"two central figures† that appeared to be looking directly at the viewers. This was probably intentional on the part of Picasso to grab the attention of the viewers. The Les Demoiselles d’Avignon is one of the first models for analytic cubism that successfully demonstrated that three dimensionality can be achieved even without the employment of perspective. Violin and Pitcher by Georges Braque (1909-1910) This still life painting is another example of analytic cubism. Based on the title, the main focus of this artwork is the violin and the pitcher. Many believed that Braque developed a fascination with musical instruments even if he did not know how to play. For him, painting these instruments was his way of showing his departure with naturalism. The treatment on the primary figures was distorted in order to illustrate disintegration. The violin was twisted at the bottom to make the other parts more visible. On top of the violin is the pitcher that was also drawn in fragments to create an illusion of depth. The contrast of the shades of red and grey added more dramatic effect to the series of geometric shapes strewn all over the canvas. There is also a nail on top of the painting but it serves no real purpose unlike in Braque’s earlier painting, Violin and Palette. Underneath the nail is a â€Å"piece of paper† wherein the top right corner was folded that provided a flattening effect on the plane. This also projected a shadow that created an illusion of light â€Å"being beamed down from the top right corner. † Glass of Beer and Playing Cards by Juan Gris (1913) Juan Gris was part of the founding of Cubism together with Braque and Picasso. He pushed for the advancement as well as for the growth of this art movement. In his painting of the Glass of Beer and Playing Cards, it is ruled over by vertical lines that divide the canvas into several segments. A coherently silhouetted beer mug might be established by shifting the vertical band that constitutes the right side of the mug upward so that the white outline becomes contiguous with the outline of the fully modeled form of the mug to its left. But this realignment would in turn disalign the continuity between the blue curvature on the orange wallpaper and the edge of the sand to the right, both forms constituting a view from above of the beer’s foam. Changes or transformations in the appearance of an object seem to occur in a number of directions: they follow the alternating rhythm of vertical bands but also the contrapuntal system of horizontal bands. Occasionally there is also a sense of transformations occurring in depth, as if Gris had peeled away the surface of certain vertical bands to reveal an alternate mode of representation or point of view beneath. Still Life with Chair Cane by Pablo Picasso (1912) This is first painting of Picasso to represent synthetic cubism. It was one of the first illustrations of a collage painting. The elements present in the artwork are woven chair cane, various geometric drawings, newspapers, painted letters and wine labels which were all encapsulated by a rope around the oval canvas. In contrast with analytic cubism, this painting is less on deconstruction but more on juxtaposing different elements for decorative purposes. Since there is only a minimal presence of fragmentations, depth is nonexistent making the painting more flat. Art in the 1900s During the 1900s, several other art movements have emerged aside from Cubism. Some of these movements were the Abstraction, Fauvism, Futurism, Dadaism and Surrealism. The only common factor that binds these art movements is their ability to reject tradition and their flair for the modern aesthetics. In abstraction, the artists choose not to depict reality. The images are disfigured, the details are left out and the conventional perspective is altered. Meanwhile, Fauvism is known for its use of colors in portraying emotions. Fauvists created their masterpieces by imperfectly treating colors in an arbitrary style. On the other hand, Futurism is characterized by the abandonment of the â€Å"static and irrelevant art of the past and celebrating change, originality and innovation in culture and society. † This style celebrates the power and vivacity of machines. Moreover, Dadaism is another movement that garnered positive as well as negative feedbacks from art aficionados. This style is defined as â€Å"nihilistic, anti-aesthetic and a reaction to the rationalization, rules and conventions of mainstream art. † For Dada artists, their artworks are intended to be anti-art. The last movement is Surrealism which existed through the art style of Dadaism. Surrealist art was greatly influenced by the â€Å"theories of Dr. Sigmund Freud and the unconscious† which are represented in a dream or fantasy-like manner in paintings. Though cubism had a lot of competition, it still managed to continue to influence 1920s and even way beyond to the contemporary period. Today, many modern artists are using cubism in sculptures and architecture. Cubism had become more bold and experimental. It seemed like the artists have eliminated all boundaries for the sake of the enrichment of their creativity. Like in the 1900s, many modern artists are still faced with several challenges on how to make their artworks more pleasing to the public eye but at the same time they still want to render a significant importance to their own point of view in order not to compromise their artistic integrity for public support. The House of the Black Madonna in Czech Republic and Cal Poly Pomona University library in California symbolized that the spirit and philosophies of Cubism during its initial phase are still as intense and provocative as it is today. Conclusion In conclusion, Cubism has created a revolution in the world of art. It defied the conventions and traditional practices that have dominated in the 1900s. For many artists, it was not easy to challenge the existing status quo. But because of their yearning for change and their craving for stimulation, they were able to withstand the scrutiny and rejection made by society. Through the resilience and the drive of the cubist style for progress, it was able to endure the test of time that it continues to persist in the 21st century. Moreover, this art style and movement is an evident symbol of how human beings can perceive the world in a totally different way. More so, cubism has showcased the value of intellectual freedom and distinctive aesthetic, in which significantly contributed to the development of the visual art. Overall, cubism is a form of art that will keep on evolving for the expression and celebration of human’s vision, passion and imagination. BIBLIOGRAPHY â€Å"Art timeline. † 2007. A Lifetime of Color. http://www. alifetimeofcolor. com/study/timeline. html (accessed April 24, 2009). â€Å"Cubism. † 2007. Huntfor. com. http://www. huntfor. com/arthistory/C20th/cubism. htm (accessed April 23, 2009) Drinkwater, Lee. â€Å"Georges Braque Violin and Pitcher. † 2009. Lycos. co. uk. http://members. lycos. co. uk/cubist_movement/violin. htm (accessed April 24, 2009). Gantefuhrer-Trier, Anne, Gantefuhrer, Trie and Grosenick, Uta. Cubism. Germany: Taschen, 2004. â€Å"Georges Braque. † 1999. Discoverfrance. net. http://www. discoverfrance. net/France/Art/Braque/Braque. shtml (accessed April 23, 2009). Grisham, Kathleen. â€Å"Analytical Cubism. † n. d. West Valley College. http://instruct. westvalley. edu/grisham/1d_analycub. html (accessed April 23, 2009).

Gummy Bear Experiment

Combustion of Gummy Bears Energy is a concept.? Most definitions of the word energy fail to provide its exact meaning when applied to scientific matters.? In science the word energy is a concept that expresses two measurable properties, heat and work.? Here is the relationship of energy, heat and work: Energy Released=Work Done + Heat Released The Law of Conservation of Energy, derived from centuries of observation and measurement, indicates that energy cannot be created or destroyed. But energy need not stay in one place. Energy can be converted from one form to another and can be created in one place and show up in another. Remember that energy, in an open system, can do work on the surroundings or supply heat to the surroundings.? When we express energy as the sum of heat and work, we are making a very specific claim concerning these two properties. They are related. The relationship between heat and work is a close one, so close the amount of heat and the amount of work must be expressed with numerical values having the same units. Within limits, energy may be controlled to appear as heat (as we use electric power to dry clothes in a dryer) or work (the same electric power rotating the drum in the same dryer). Briefly, we define the amount of heat and/or work using two units, the Joule (J), and the calorie. The Joule and the calorie are related as follows: 1 cal = 4. 184J Both units represent quite small increments of energy. We must add 1 calorie of heat to increase the temperature of 1g of water 1 degree Celsius. Our bodies expend about 1J of work with a single heartbeat. For convenience sake, both the Joule and calorie are often expressed in multiples of 1000. We speak of the kilojoule (kj): 1 kJ = 1000J and the kilocalorie (kcal). 1 kcal = 1000 cal Thus we must add 4. 184 kJ of heat to raise the temperature of 100g of water 10 degrees Celsius. Chemical Reactions and the Production of Energy Heat and Work We learned the foundation of thermochemistry rests on the ability to link the amount of energy released or required to the chemical equation for the specific chemical change. We often experiment under conditions where no work is done on or by the system.? The heat, evolved or required is the change in enthalpy. We use the change in enthalpy of the fuel-consuming chemical reactions to arrive at the energy that would be available. The amount of energy available from a given amount of fuel does not vary with how slow or fast we burn the fuel such as in exercise. Enthalpy itself is a state property. All materials have enthalpy as an element of their nature. It is the change in this property through chemical processes which concerns us. The oxidation of 0. 5g of glucose yields a certain amount of energy regardless of how slow or fast the reaction takes place.? In the real world (during exercise for example), energy, work and heat, are produced in complex, changing systems. The combustion of a gummy bear shows how a compound is broken down into an element and other compounds in the presence of a catalyst or heat. An organic carbon compound will combine with oxygen to give off carbon dioxide and water. An exothermic reaction releases different forms of energy. Sugar is a fuel that we use for energy. We can also use it to fuel a chemical reaction. As we heat the Potassium Chlorate this will release O2 gas and leave KCl as it starts to decompose as follows: 2KClO3(s) ? 2KCl(s) + 3O2 (g) This produces oxygen which oxidizes the sugar (glucose) in the gummy bear. This oxidation is incredibly exothermic (-5000 kJmol-1). The reaction is: C6H12O6(s) + 6O2 (g) ? 6CO2 (g) + 6H2O (g) All chemical reactions involve a change in substances and a change in energy. Neither matter nor energy is created or destroyed in a chemical reaction only changed. This experiment is a decomposition reaction a more complex substance breaks down into its more simple parts. One reactant yields 2 or more products. The presence of oxygen in the decomposition reaction is seen when heat energy is added to potassium chlorate, and its decomposition releases O2 and leaves KCl, when bubbles form. Heat is necessary in this reaction because the excess of oxygen, generated by the decomposition of potassium chlorate, will react with the glucose in a gummy bear, releasing a large amount of energy quickly and dramatically. When it comes in contact with the oxygen in the test tube some of the sucrose disintegrates and this releases heat energy. The released heat causes the potassium chlorate to release more oxygen and a positive feedback loop develops. The difference between endothermic and exothermic reactions is that endothermic reactions absorb heat, and exothermic give off heat. Dilution of ammonium chloride is an example of an endothermic reaction. This is the active ingredient in chemical ice packs you can obtain in a pharmacy. Other reactions are melting and boiling which also absorb heat to happen, although you may not consider them chemical reactions. Combustion is a typical exothermic reaction any type of burning. An exothermic reaction occurs if the energy of the bonds formed in the products are stronger (lower energy) than the bonds broken in the reactants. Endothermic reactions require heat. If there is no external source, the reaction gets the heat by cooling to a lower temperature. These reactions are driven by the change in the configuration of the atoms. If the atoms in the product molecules have a less orderly structure than the atoms in the reactants, these reactions will occur even if the cost some energy to happen. Potassium Chlorate is the oxidizing agent and when it is melted; its decomposition provides an oxygen rich environment. A gummy bear is dropped into the liquid and immediately begins to combust. The heated mixture ignites and oxidizes the sugar in the gummy bear in a violent, exothermic reaction. The gummy bear explodes because the combination of one gummy bear which is composed mostly of sucrose with molten potassium chlorate the gummy bear explodes. A surprising amount of energy is released by the reactants and in the process their atoms and molecules rapidly rearrange to form the products carbon dioxide, water and potassium chloride. The products of the reaction are H2O (vapor) and CO2. Ideally, a balanced equation would show sucrose (C12H22O11) being converted to carbon dioxide and water while the KClO3 becomes KCl. But the combustion was incomplete and carbon and or carbon monoxide were additional products. Bibliography † Endo, Exothermic Reactions and Energy. † Ask a scientist, Newton. 4 Jun 2002, Chemistry Archive, Inc. . Dr. Matt Hermes â€Å"Gatorade. † Chemical Reactions, General Chemistry Case Studies. 14 Jun 2002, Inc . â€Å"Chemistry problems. † Chemistry, The Scientific Forum. 8 Mar 2003 . R Gallagher â€Å"Chemistry Made Clear. † GCSE edition. 6 Dec 1997. .

Learn About the Science of Marine Biology

Learn About the Science of Marine Biology The field of marine biology or becoming a marine biologist sounds fascinating, doesnt it? Whats involved in marine biology, or becoming a marine biologist? First, its important to understand what, exactly, makes up the marine biology branch of science. Marine biology is the scientific study of plants and animals that live in salt water. When many people think about a marine biologist, they picture a dolphin trainer. But marine biology is so much more than making a dolphin or sea lion follow commands. With the oceans covering over 70 percent of the Earth’s surface and providing habitat for thousands of species, marine biology is a very broad field. It involves a strong knowledge of all science along with principles of economics, legal matters, and conservation. Becoming a Marine Biologist A marine biologist, or someone who studies marine biology, can learn about a variety of organisms during their education from tiny plankton only visible under a microscope to the largest whales that are over 100 feet long. Marine biology can also include the study of different aspects of these organisms, including the behavior of animals in the ocean environment, adaptations to living in salt water and interactions between organisms. As a marine biologist, one would also look at how marine life interacts with different ecosystems such as salt marshes, bays, reefs, estuaries, and sand bars. Again, its not just learning about things that inhabit the ocean; its also about conserving resources and protecting a valuable food supply. Plus, there are many research initiatives to discover how organisms can benefit human health. Marine biologists have to have a thorough understanding of chemical, physical, and geological oceanography. Other people who study marine biology do not go on to conduct research or work for activist organizations; they can wind up teaching others about the vast scientific principles that make up the field. In other words, they can become teachers and professors at universities and colleges. Tools to Study Marine Biology The oceans are difficult to study, as they are vast and foreign to humans. They also vary depending on geographic locations and environmental factors. Different tools used to study the oceans include sampling mechanisms such as bottom trawls and plankton nets, tracking methods and devices such as photo-identification research, satellite tags, hydrophones, and â€Å"critter cams,† and underwater observation equipment such as remotely operated vehicles (ROVs).   Importance of Marine Biology Among other things, the oceans regulate climate and provide food, energy, and income. They support a variety of cultures. They are so important, yet there is so much we don’t know about this fascinating environment. Learning about the oceans and the marine life inhabiting them is becoming even more critical as we realize the importance of the oceans to the health of all life on the planet.

Battered Praise

Kneel on a worn leather cushion, ease into a creaky wooden pew, and stand on tired but restless legs. For what? Even with all of my praise, all God did was throw me onto the corner ropes of the ring and deliver a sharp jab with the left, then the right, right again, and finally a roundhouse kick that shouldve stopped all of the pain but never did. God didnt deliver the real blows, he let a swaggering drunk do his work for him, also known as my stepfather. From the time I was four, I carried around fresh pink, swollen welts and indigo-violet bruises blooming quickly beneath my delicate skin. While other little girls neat hair was pinned back to reveal a bright, shiny face and toothy grin, my jagged homemade haircut hung to hide the new fleshy welt on my cheek. I firmly believed God had let this happen. I never questioned the reality of God, but I questioned his righteousness. I existed to God as a punching bag. I blamed the ever-so-righteous God for all of my problems. I blamed him for the hot tears that streamed from my cerulean blue eyes, for the crippling nightmares that plagued my nights, and for the screams of my brothers that rang through the hollow halls of that broken house. God never seemed to hear my desperate prayers each night or my withered cries of pain as Warren repeatedly smacked my tiny body with a wooden spoon, or an aluminum baseball bat, or even the time he broke a glass plate over my head. The loud sound of breaking glass must have drowned my pleas. I was all alone in my suffering. It took eight long years to finally be rid of the brutal man who beat my body, crushed my hopes and dreams, and demolished my self esteem. Thats 2,920 days of endless tears, 70,080 hours of countless bruises, 4,204,800 minutes of praying for salvation, and 252,288,000 seconds of pur e hatred toward God and toward myself. Then one day it ended. Warren had thrown a swing at my mother and hit her square in the jaw. The police showed up for the hundredth time, but this time I left in my dads car with my three brothers, my mom left in an ambulance, and Warren left in handcuffs. Since that day six years ago I have lived with my wonderful father and stepmother. They strive to give me every opportunity to help me create the life I have chosen. Im growing to appreciate the person I am. My stare pierces the girl looking back at me from the mirror, and I still see a broken, terrified child cowering behind two miniscule hands. I see something else in that same reflection, I see a strong, independent woman who loves friends, family and life passionately throughout every moment of the day. A woman running toward a shining future. Now there are times where I see every flaw in myself, but who doesnt? Im human. Im allowed to have imperfections. Ive grown to trust God and to believe he is an ever-loving God. He wasnt torturing me, he was building me into the original, gorgeous, tenacious woman I am today.

Business ethic case Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Business ethic case - Essay Example Counselors have a responsibility to help mitigate the damage done by racism in the workplace. Companies have a responsibility to act justly toward their employees and shareholders. Government has a responsibility to protect the liberty of its citizens. Minorities have a responsibility to speak out against such oppression wherever possible. The majority has a responsibility to protect the weak. Employees have a responsibility to their employers and co-workers to maintain an egalitarian work ethic. Ultimately, the primary stakeholders are individual families, the only stakeholders who are secondary victims of a racist corporate culture. Consider the roots of workplace racism proactively. What causes racism in the workplace? It could be a matter of resources. There may not be enough jobs to go around and people want those of their own race to benefit over others, or it could be a matter of personal intent. People tend to express aggression toward those they see as somehow inferior either physically, mentally or socially. Usually, this tends to be a matter of self-esteem. What understanding must people have to avoid workplace racism? The basic belief everyone must adopt in order to avoid racially charged conflict at work is simple. We must understand that although we may not all look, think, and act alike, everyone has the right to live and survive peaceably within our society. That means although I may not like a person for whatever reason, I should give them the room they need to provide for themselves and their families. If there is no other reason I feel this way, it should be because I wish for the same. If othe rs feel hostile toward me, I want them to leave me alone enough to feel secure in my job and at home at the very least. Some thinkers have posited this notion as the basis for the social contract. Why do humans not simply overrun one another with force and

'The reader does not have to be a deconstructionist to see that the Literature review

'The reader does not have to be a deconstructionist to see that the Victorian text is often divided against itself, proclaimin - Literature review Example When looking at â€Å"Jane Eyre† and â€Å"Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde,† it can be seen that there are specific concepts related to the text that show socio – political undertones of the time. Jeckyll and Hyde and Victorian Literature The different socio – political context which was seen in Victorian literature is defined by the undertone of the main issues of Victorian society. A representative of this is â€Å"Dr. Jeckyll and Mr. Hyde.† This specific book is not only noted as one in which there are specific innovations which allow the main character to turn from one personality to another. The undertones which are a part of this create a sense of imagination in specific reference to the political, economic and social status of those within society. The book works as a main reference to the components which are occurring in society through the actions the main character takes. The character, plot line and the outcome all work as a metaphor of what is occurring within the society at the time as well as how this is associated with the concepts and philosophies of the socially elite class. The book turns into one which is based on the intellectual ideologies of the elite class and references the opposition to the several changes occurring within society (Cherry, 195). There are several moments when this book shows the main reference to changes occurring in society. The first metaphor is with the character of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, specifically as technology is the main key to turning the main character from one to the other. The personality of the character changes into one which is considered a part of the community while the other is considered monstrous. The character notes this difference, specifically by his own understanding of his alternative character. For instance, when speaking to a girl, he changes his character instantly. â€Å"He had in his hand a heavy cane, with which he was trifling; but he answered never a word, and seemed to listen with an ill – contained impatience. And then all of a sudden he broke out in a great flame of anger, stamping with his foot, brandishing the cane, and carrying on like a madman† (Stevenson, 33). This specific reference shows the dichotomy of the time, specifically with he changes in character from the lack of control which was a part of the changes. The alteration into Mr. Hyde is one which is expressive of the inability to control the machinery and manmade materials of the time which were being revered at the time, while turning men in society which were considered evenly tempered into mad men. The question which arises is based on what the machinery, industry and the changes in society would lead men to do, both with their own personalities and when having the interference of machinery. Not only are there references to the technology and movement into industrialization. There is also a division between romanticism and realism which takes place th roughout the book. The concept of romanticism comes from the possibilities which can take place with the use of technology and the innovations which may occur. The realism is based on the components based on the unknowing and the outcomes which may occur, as well as how this will create divisions in society. At the end of the book, this

Balancing College Studies with Work and Family Demands Essay - 1

Balancing College Studies with Work and Family Demands - Essay Example I also have to attend family gatherings during the weekends and holidays. On the other hand, in college, my lecturers expect me to study hard, do assignments and take exams to show that I appreciate my learning process. I also have to take part in co-curriculum activities such as athletics, music and theatre ensembles, student government and language clubs; all these are geared towards enhancing out-of-class experience. However, at times, I can become exhausted and unmotivated because of the amount of workload that I have to attend to, both at home and in college. As much as the college administration wants the students to focus of their studies, they also stress that co-curriculum activities are equally important. Moreover, for that reason, my class timetable includes a co-curricular session in which a student has to participate in at least one mandatory co-curriculum activity; this is according to college policies. In most circumstances, this turns out to be stressful in that I mig ht be having assignments that I am supposed to complete, but taking part in the co-curricular activity eats up my time, and as a result, I do not meet the deadline for the assignment, as I am forced to carry the assignment home. Even so, again, the failure of meeting an assignment deadline cannot be tolerated by my professor and this increases my stress level. At home, my parents expect my siblings, and I to perform certain chores according to a duty roster that they have created. The duty roster is to be followed regardless of whether I have college assignment or not, and when it is my duty it becomes very stressful since I am expected to accomplish my duties at home and finish my college assignment at the same time. After finishing my home chores at night, I retire to my room with the college assignment in my mind. By this time, I am so exhausted in the sense that I cannot fully concentrate on what I am supposed to focus on in order to complete my assignment with a standard that c an attract a high grade. The only thing that I can do automatically without any difficulty is sleeping. I wake up the following day at 6 AM with stress when I remember I did not complete the assignment, which I am supposed to turn in by 8 AM. I conclude that time management is my biggest problem since I am not able to balance my college work and family demands because they conflict with one another. I understand that as a student, maintaining mental health is very important, and this is achieved through a good time management. A good time management helps in balancing college studies with work and family demands. My stress level had increased because I was overwhelmed with both tasks at home and assignments in college. Time management will help me in dealing with this problem in that I will dedicate a specific time to handle one particular issue. All in all the objective of embarking on time management is to make certain that I finish my assignments in college and tasks at home on t ime. I realize that my stress starts when two activities that I am supposed to engage in conflict with each other. The conflict comes when I do not finish a task within the stipulated timeframe, and thus it hijacks the time that I am supposed to dedicate to the second activity. After a careful deliberation, I have decided that I will discuss with my parents the issue of my new schedule. The discussion will entailed creating a new duty roster,

Case Study of Innovation: Jack Welsh

Case Study of Innovation: Jack Welsh Jack Welchs Innovates the Innovators at GE The sources and research used in the following paper come from a variety of sources, including mostly the internet, a GE annual report, and newspaper articles on GE and Jack Welchs management styles, leadership, and beliefs. When Jack Welch became CEO of General Electric in 1981, he was only the 11th CEO the company had seen in its 120 years of existence. Although GE was a $13 billion a year company, it began showing signs of necessary change as it had reached the stage between maturity and decline. After 20 years at the helm, Jack Welch had turned General Electric (GE) into one of the worlds most successful companies. Welch increased GEs market value from $13 billion to over $300 billion in 2001. He guided the once struggling company to what was then the biggest corporation in the entire world as well as the most profitable. Through the use of goal setting, empowerment, and communication Welch transformed the gigantic and complacent company into an energized multi-national organization ready to face world competition. Through an analysis of the techniques employed by Welch, one can gain a better understanding of how to motivate outstanding performance in any organization. In 1981, the industry environment in which GE was involved was in a downward spiral. GE was also suffering from low productivity growth (1%-2%) as well as a lack of innovations. Another issue facing Welch as he took control was that the company was still organized as it had been when GE was founded near the turn of the century. GE was suffering from a lack of strong leadership and the existence of to much bureaucracy. As Welch took over, he found that structure and struggle to change made it impossible to perceive an effective environmental change when change was necessary to remain an industry leader. In fact, if GEs massive cost structure was not dramatically restructured, analysts projected that GE would become unprofitable by the end of 1982. When Welch took over as CEO, he quickly identified several major areas that were in need of his immediate attention. The first problem he identified was that the organizational structure was represented by an overwhelming nine layers of management between the shop floor and the CEO. This lead to an unresponsive, inward focused company thats employees found great difficulty in communicating with one another. At the same time, the numerous layers of middle management gave employees comfort. The company was divided into 150 units. Welch saw this and believed that GE was overly diversified. They were simply involved in too many different ventures. GE was a financially strong company, but its growth rate was close to the companies GNP (Gross National Product). From his previous 21 years of experience with GE, Welch also knew that there were issues involving the employees. Once he took control, he worked on establishing a number of change management processes to combat the problems that the company faced with isolation, low morale, and negative attitudes toward the workplace. Welch knew that the company was too large to fail, yet GE was too unwieldy to adapt for further growth. Welchs grand scheme in reinventing General Electric involved two separate phases. These phases were referred to as the â€Å"hardware† and â€Å"software† phases. Over the next five years, General Electric under the command of Welch would go through some extensive changes. In September 1981, in an internal GE publication, Welch articulated the corporate strategy that each division would be number one or number two in their industry, and that GE would remain lean, agile and able to respond to changes in its environment. Welchs early priorities would be e xtensive restructuring of General Electrics infrastructure. Welch began selling those business in GEs portfolio that faced no potential return in the future and retained and added some with the potential to be number one or number two in that industry. This could bring GEs operation into economies of scale and then lock out the potential competitors. During the 80s, GE had bought 338 businesses and product lines for $11.1 billion and sold 232 for $5.9 billion during the 1980s. Among his most noble feats was restructuring the companys 350 businesses into twelve divisions of the company and reducing the management structure from twenty-nine levels to only six. By 1989, 12 out of 14 GE units were leading their markets both in the U.S. and abroad. His first years were also marked by destaffing, or reduction of the workforce. He did this by removing unnecessary layers of middle management and laying off thousands of employees. By 1984, he had reduced the workforce by almost 100,000 in order to streamline the company and to increase efficiency. Each year he would terminate the bottom 10% of his managers. However, he would reward the top 20% with bonuses and stock options. At the end of 1980, GE had 411,000 employees and by the end of 1985, GE had 299,000 employees By the late 80s, Welch was confident that that hardware part of his restructuring was almost complete so he wanted to begin focusing on the software phase. Welch admitted his priorities were changing, â€Å"A company can boost productivity by restructuring, removing bureaucracy and downsizing, but it cannot sustain high productivity without cultural change.† Welchs approach for this phase focused on three main areas. These areas of focus would include goal setting and competition, empowering employees, and increasing corporate communication. An underlying theme for Jack Welchs tenure as CEO of GE was his use of goal setting to motivate higher levels of achievement throughout the company. Welch set company wide goals, as well as specific performance objectives for individual companies and divisions. He often supplemented his goal setting by creating a sense of competition within the organization, as well as against all competitors. Welch preached a philosophy he called â€Å"planful opportunism,† whereby GE employees were given an over-reaching stretch-goal and permitted to do whatever it took to reach the target. Welch use d this same technique in an effort to improve product quality. This led Welch to introduce GE to Six Sigma, a defect reduction program. Six Sigma is a process, which consists of the rigorous application of statistical tools to improve profits, reduce costs and improve speed. It begins by asking hard questions regarding level of defects, time required to perform operations, and customer expectations. It is a quality control process, which brings robust changes unlike other process. This program relies on teamwork to propel quality to the highest level. GE had been operating at 3.5 sigma, but that was not enough for Welch, he wanted six sigma (nearly twice the national standard). Welch consistently set far-reaching goals in an attempt to move the company in the direction he wanted. While not all goals may be reached, Welch reinforced the notion that advancing towards those goals was still considered success and rewarded managers accordingly. Welch realized that he could motivate highe r levels of performance by setting goals that were much higher than the managers would have set for themselves. These â€Å"stretch-goals† often caused the managers to outperform their original targets. Because Welch set such extreme stretch-goals, he needed to incent effort toward these seemingly unattainable targets. He rewarded people by giving bonuses if they made great progress towards the goals, even if they did not reach them. This succeeded in driving people to work beyond their original goals and even if they did not reach the stretch goals Welch often recognized them for superior performance. When Welch took over GE, he had a vision of creating an organization where people at all levels could be held responsible for their own work, and in the end make decisions for the betterment of their job. The goal was not to control workers, but instead to liberate them. Welch characterized this as creating a boundary-less organization in which empowered employees were self-directed and motivated to reach their goals. Welch addressed this issue by eliminating whole layers of management, consolidating overlapping jobs and business units, and forcing employees at every level to take more responsibility for their own work. In the plant, equipment operators became responsible for the quality of their own work, reducing the need for inspectors. In effect, employees were given the ability to eliminate those aspects of their job that were unproductive and thus unnecessary. An important aspect of this has been the Work-Out. Work-Out had been an empowerment concept greatly favored by Welch. T housands of GE employees get an opportunity to get together and share their ideas, thoughts and expertise, while building and fostering a more creative and team oriented atmosphere. The Work-Out encourages communication and accountability with the ultimate goal being to drive above average team performance. By providing each team member with the opportunity to contribute his ideas to the decision making process, Welch hoped to stimulate individuals to constructively challenge their bosses and promote a more motivated workplace. All Work-Outs included follow-up meetings where previous commitments were discussed and accountability was enforced. Employees received the satisfaction of being able to air their concerns, while the company has greatly benefited from insights shared. Under Welch, GE began to realize that human beings are not machines and that each person has the potential to enhance productivity. Knowing how to use this resource cannot only give the company a competitive edg e, it can make each employee feel more important in the production process and thus more motivated. It helped to eliminate vertical and horizontal barriers and forever changed the way people behaved at the company. This process assisted Welch to achieve workable unity within the organization, creating an environment of trust and openness that had not existed before. By empowering people, an organization gives employees the ultimate responsibility for their own work. If they share the companys goals, they do not need much supervision. Costs will be reduced and layers of management will become unnecessary. This can also lead to employees becoming more motivated to perform their jobs optimally, which in turn leads to large productivity improvements and allowing the organization to be able to implement new ideas faster and be more responsive to market changes. â€Å"Boundary-less behavior† and the elimination of unnecessary communication filters are the key phrases to describe Ja ck Welchs attitude towards communication. To facilitate goal setting and empowerment within GE, Welch needed to establish clear lines of communication in the organization. He realized that employees come to GE with many different experiences and backgrounds. He did not want to take away from the benefit of those various backgrounds, as much as reshape them with GE philosophies. One of his objectives was to motivate people to think outside the box and challenge the status quo. Open communication channels between Welch and his employees have been an important tool in this regard. These channels work in both directions, giving employees the ability to air their concerns and work towards a consensus for action. He encourages direct communication with employees, including he, himself having face-to-face meetings with subordinates as often as possible and participating in the Work-Out. Welch himself was characterized as inpatient, blunt and ill tempered towards his dependent and would strive to build self-confidence in his managers, but his communication style would often cause people to lose self-confidence instead. Open communication channels work well when they are used to motivate performance and increase employee morale, but when they are used to intimidate they will have the opposite effect, causing low self-esteem. This â€Å"brashness† has also contributed to the criticism over the years for an apparent lack of compassion for the middle class and working class. Some industry analysts claim that Welch is given too much credit for GEs success. They contend that individual managers are largely responsible for the companys success. Jack Welch changed his management style based on the needs of GE during a particular time. He was Neutron Jack when he needed to be. GE was sluggish and slow, layered with cumbersome management, and needed to â€Å"trim the f at† and make middle management less of a burden. We may have taken less of a hardnosed approach by providing benefits and education opportunities to employees that were let go to ease the burden on the families, especially those employees with a number of years at GE. The rationale that Jack used to make decisions was based solely on where the company was, and where it needed to be. He was able to change his management style based on the condition of the company. He needed to be Neutron in the early 80s because the company was fat and sluggish. Middle management needed to be trimmed to save time and money. There was no other choice but to adopt a very directive style and portray a hard attitude. As GE slimmed, it became apparent that GE needed to be coached and inspired for better productivity and simpler process. Jack was able to adapt his leadership style into that of a coach with a â€Å"you can do it† communication style. As GE evolved into the late 90s Jack understood that it was now time for the GE employees to be empowered to share ideas for best practices, and teach back to management tricks of the trade that would take the company to the next level. By implementing the â€Å"boundary-less† philosophy, Jack was sending a message to the entire company that employees are valued, have great ideas that they need to share, and they would be rewarded rather than punished for speaking up. This was the last empowering style of leadership that Jack employed before his retirement. Works Cited Byrne, J.A. (1998). How Jack Welch runs GE: a close-up look at how Americas #1 manager runs GE. Business Week. Byrne, John, How Jack Welch runs GE Business Week, 8 June 1998. General Electric Annual Report, 1997. Jack Welch on Leadership. New York, NY. McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. 2004. Time Warner Newsroom. November 01, 1999. Time Warner. July 01, 2006. Kornik, J. (2006). Jack Welch: a legacy of leadership his secrets revealed.http://www.trainingmag.com/msg/search/article_display.jsp?vnu_content_id=1002839049imw=Y . The 360-Degree Leader. Nashville, Tennessee: Thomas Nelson Inc., 2005. Slater, Robert. 29 Leadership Secrets from Jack Welch. New York, NY. McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. 2003. The Times (London, England), September 2004, 9. â€Å"Jack Welch The Gurus Boiled Down.† Welch, Jack, and Suzy Welch. Winning. New York, NY: HarperCollins Publishers, Inc., 2005 Welch, Jack, Byrne, John (2001). Jack: Straight From the Gut. New York, NY: Warner Books, Inc.

History of Fashion Essay -- Fashion Style clothing Historical Essays

History of Fashion Fashion is defined as a style of dress that is popular during a certain time or era (?Fashion?, 1). It often changes and reflects a persons? social class in old days. In modern times it reflects personality. Fads come and go as people find new and different things to like. Until the 20th century fashion changed very slowly. In the 20th century fashions change as quickly as lightning because of mass production and fast moving society. About every 10 years a totally new kind of dress is in style. Fashion is affected in many ways. Inventions and good economy bring many changes with it. Wars and bad economy bring plain fashion that stays for a while (?Fashion Through the Ages?, 1). Fashion often seems to go in a big loop repeating itself over and over again. Women?s fashion has changed and gone from fancy to simple and easy to wear. Here is a quick view of fashion from BC times to the future!   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In ancient times clothing was simple, based more on function than style. Men and women wore a big rectangular piece of wool six feet wide and about a foot and a half taller than the person. The wool was wrapped around the person and pinned on the shoulder with a broach. Fabric was mainly white or off-white, but never bright colored. In fact red was forbidden for commoners. Hair was mainly worn in braids or covered by fabric draped like a hood.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  With the spread of Christianity, clothing in medieval times became modest. Although the basic tunic style dress was still used, it became longer and sleeves were added. Heavier fabric was used and shoes replaced sandals. Increase in trade made for more extravagant fabrics and embellishments on clothing. Hair was worn down often with a jewel in it. The really wealthy and nobility experimented with extreme styles from vibrant color to hooked shoes to cone shaped hats in order to separate themselves from the middle class.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Many changes came with the Renaissance period, with the rise of art fashion changed. Dresses became shorter and princess cut. Puffed sleeves, high collars and hoop skirts were the thing to wear. Slashing, or wearing two layers and cutting the outer layer was fashionable.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Modesty came back with Elizabethan times. Queen Elizabeth had clothes covered every part of a persons body sleeves became tight instead of puffed and waist lines were straight. Gowns were worn by ... ...Sleek simple or choppy hair styles were seen as cute. Jeans were narrow and black in the beginning and became flared or relaxed with everything from glitter to studs to dress it up at the end of the 90?s. Any kind of shirt could be paired with jeans, from revealing belly shirts to classy blouses to comfortable t-shirts. Animal prints and camouflage were just a couple of prints that made their home in the 90?s (?Fashion Era?, 41). No matter what you were wearing in the 90?s it was sure to be a designer brand.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Fashion has and always will repeat in a cycle. It seems to be cycling from elaborate to minimal as our lives become more complex due to technology. I think fashion will continue to be unpredictable. Many times movies and television have predicted how the future population would dress with no success. One thing is for sure, fashion will continue to be unique to the individual who wears it and express for them what they may not say with words. Works Cited ?Fashion.? Encyclop?dia Britanica. 2002 ed. ?Fashion Era.? Fashion History and Costume Era. Fashion-era. 23 Nov. 2003 ?Fashion Through the Ages.? The Evolution of Fashion. Bharat Textile. 19 Nov. 2003   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚